@article { author = {Samadi, Samaneh and K. Behbahani, Farahnaz}, title = {Iron (III) Phosphate Catalyzed the Synthesis of 4-quinolones}, journal = {Chemical Methodologies}, volume = {2}, number = {3}, pages = {181-185}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Sami Publishing Company}, issn = {2645-7776}, eissn = {2588-4344}, doi = {10.22034/chemm.2018.60161}, abstract = {New and efficient methods have been developed for the synthesis of 4-quinolones throughout Conrad–Limpach synthesis in diphenyl ether under reflux condition. This method possesses various advantages such as using a green and versatile catalyst, easy procedure, work up and separation, being free from column chromatography, and atom economic. Also, this kind of solvent and the reaction temperature has an important role in the yield of reaction. When toluene, ethanol, acetonitrile and chloroform were subjected as solvent in ambient temperature and reflux condition, the desired product did not result. Moreover, when diphenyl ether was employed in room temperature – at 100, 150 and 200 °C – it was observed that the product was obtained. Interestingly, the desired product was obtained in good yield under reflux condition in diphenyl ether.}, keywords = {4-Quinolones,Synthesis,Catalyst,Iron (III) phosphate}, url = {https://www.chemmethod.com/article_60161.html}, eprint = {https://www.chemmethod.com/article_60161_a8efab7c987d678784609f0be8e4b63b.pdf} } @article { author = {Gomaa, Esam A. and G. Al- Harazie, Anwer and N.Abdel-Hady, Mahmoud}, title = {Cyclic Voltammetry of Zirconyl Chloride (ZrOCl2) in KF Medium Using Silver Working Electrode (SWE)}, journal = {Chemical Methodologies}, volume = {2}, number = {3}, pages = {186-193}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Sami Publishing Company}, issn = {2645-7776}, eissn = {2588-4344}, doi = {10.22034/chemm.2018.60859}, abstract = {The cyclic Voltammetry of zirconyl chloride with different concentrations was measured experimentally using DY2000 cyclic Voltammetry apparatus in 0.1M KF (potassium fluoride) as a supporting electrolyte. The silver electrode was used as a supporting working electrode. The other two electrodes in the three-electrode system are platinum wire and Ag / AgCl electrode immersed in saturated KCl solution. The redox mechanism was supported by reduction and/or oxidation. Effect of scan rate was also examined and the redox system is diffusion controlled.The different used scans are 0.1,0.02 and 0.01 Volt per Sec. The relation between iP and log scan rate was done to ensure the redox mechanism.It was concluded that zirconyl ions are hydrolyzed in 0.1M KF solutions forming hydroxyl complexes.}, keywords = {Cyclic Voltammetry,zirconyl chloride,potassium fluoride electrolyte,Solvation parameters,silver working electrode}, url = {https://www.chemmethod.com/article_60859.html}, eprint = {https://www.chemmethod.com/article_60859_9fc3cbfe32ec3b09ff2b083d562de689.pdf} } @article { author = {El Hashani, Ashraf and Ben Khayal, Nura and Elsherif, Khaled Muftah}, title = {Selective Transport of Aromatic Compounds across Parchment Supported Prussian blue Membrane}, journal = {Chemical Methodologies}, volume = {2}, number = {3}, pages = {194-203}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Sami Publishing Company}, issn = {2645-7776}, eissn = {2588-4344}, doi = {10.22034/chemm.2018.60860}, abstract = {The study of permeation of Aromatic compounds across parchment-supported membrane treated with Prussian blue is presented. The skin layer of the metal hexacyanoferrate membrane consists of a network structure could be selectively used with defined pore size in the nanometer range to permeate molecules with different size molecules. In order to demonstrate a possible sieving of molecules, we have investigated the permeation of a variety of aromatic compounds such as aniline (An), phenol (Ph), and naphthalene (Np). For these neutral compounds, a size-selective transport was found. Size lead to a separation factor α(An/Ph) of 1.5 and α(An/Np) of 4 respectively. Finally, it is demonstrated that purely inorganic membrane of Prussian Blue (PB) can be prepared upon adsorption of ferric ion and hexacyanoferrate on porous support.}, keywords = {selective transport,parchment supported,aromatic molecules}, url = {https://www.chemmethod.com/article_60860.html}, eprint = {https://www.chemmethod.com/article_60860_c2991682228db3baa75d07a6f5550055.pdf} } @article { author = {Itodo, Adams Udoji and Wuana, Raymond Ahulle and Wombo, Patience Ngunan}, title = {On The Characterization, Utilization and Wastewater Detoxification Potential of Pyrolysed Moringa oleifera Pods and Shells PART A: Sorbent Preparation and Characterization}, journal = {Chemical Methodologies}, volume = {2}, number = {3}, pages = {204-222}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Sami Publishing Company}, issn = {2645-7776}, eissn = {2588-4344}, doi = {10.22034/chemm.2018.61056}, abstract = {In part A of this research, we reported adsorbent generation, characterization and optimization of factors affecting sorption. Destructive distillation technique was carried out for transforming biomass into biosorbents. Pyrolysed Moringa oleifera Pods (PMOP) and Shells (PMOS) were used. Adsorbents were characterized for surface morphology, crystallographic pattern, active functional sites and elemental composition using SEM, TEM, PXRD, FTIR and CHNS/O analyzer respectively. Performance assessment of adsorbent was based on removal efficiency. The effect of pH, early adsorbate concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and temperature on chromium uptake was studied in column mode. Results show the role of both physical and chemical characteristics of the adsorbents. The maximum adsorption capacity of PMOS is 277.3 mg/g. Performance of derived sorbent compared with commercially available activated carbon shows no statistical significance at p< 0.05.}, keywords = {Moringa oleifera,Characterization,Pods,Shells,Adsorption,PXRD,CHNS/O}, url = {https://www.chemmethod.com/article_61056.html}, eprint = {https://www.chemmethod.com/article_61056_7d1815f97637989d2e7500051f33d79f.pdf} } @article { author = {Nabati, Mehdi}, title = {Insight into the Stability, Reactivity, Structural and Spectral Properties of the Anti, Syn-endo and Syn-exo Isomers of Bis(N-ethoxy-N-ethyl-dithiocarbamato)Nitrido Technetium-99m [99mTc-N(NOEt)2] Radiopharmaceutical}, journal = {Chemical Methodologies}, volume = {2}, number = {3}, pages = {223-238}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Sami Publishing Company}, issn = {2645-7776}, eissn = {2588-4344}, doi = {10.22034/chemm.2018.62758}, abstract = {(Ethoxy(ethyl)amino)methanedithiol is used in nuclear medicines as a ligand for the preparation of diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals. Among the available radionuclide tracers, technetium-99m (99mTc) is a good choice for myocardial perfusion imaging. Among the various cardiac perfusion imaging agents, bis(N-ethoxy-N-ethyl-dithiocarbamato)nitride technetium-99m radiopharmaceutical has a very high uptake. During the present study, the reactivity, stability, structural and spectral properties of anti, syn-endo and syn-exo isomers of bis(N-ethoxy-N-ethyl-dithiocarbamato)nitride technetium-99m radiopharmaceutical were discussed by density functional theory (DFT) computational method. It can be deduced from the theoretically applied computations that the anti- molecular structure is generally more stable than the syn-endo- and syn-exo- ones.}, keywords = {Coronary Artery Disease,Density functional theory,Nuclear medicine,Radiopharmaceutical,99mTc-N(NOEt)2}, url = {https://www.chemmethod.com/article_62758.html}, eprint = {https://www.chemmethod.com/article_62758_2b8fa7eb87de68a668a07763e8055e53.pdf} } @article { author = {Sayadian, Masoumeh and Sadegh, Hamidreza}, title = {Investigation of NMR Parameters of para-Sulfonato-calix[4]arene by HF Calculation}, journal = {Chemical Methodologies}, volume = {2}, number = {3}, pages = {239-246}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Sami Publishing Company}, issn = {2645-7776}, eissn = {2588-4344}, doi = {10.22034/chemm.2018.63198}, abstract = {Conformationally-rigid para-sulfonato-calix[4]arene (C28H24O16S4) was isolated. The NMR parameters of the structure of calix[4]arenes have been compared. The study of organic structures to form nanoporous materials is a well-known chemical phenomena (supermolecular chemistry) that is necessary for finding the crystal forms of calix[4]arenes. We investigated and compared the hydrogen bonding, oxygen, and sulfur atom effects on calix[4]arene via Hartree-fock(HF) theory by the Gaussian 98 of program package.}, keywords = {Calix[4]arene,DFT,HF,Hydrogen bonding,Nanostructure,Chemical shift}, url = {https://www.chemmethod.com/article_63198.html}, eprint = {https://www.chemmethod.com/article_63198_60fcbf95c00f8230f12ba7492638ed69.pdf} } @article { author = {Saidi, Wafae and Abram, Tayeb and Bejjit, Lahcen and Bouachrine, Mohammed}, title = {New Organic Compounds Based on Biphenyl for Photovoltaic Devices: DFT Theoretical Investigation}, journal = {Chemical Methodologies}, volume = {2}, number = {3}, pages = {247-259}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Sami Publishing Company}, issn = {2645-7776}, eissn = {2588-4344}, doi = {10.22034/chemm.2018.63678}, abstract = {Because of the specific characteristics of the π -conjugated molecules, they have become the most promising materials for the solar cell devices. To better grasp and anticipate of the π -conjugated compound, we have realized the study by using the DFT and ZINDO quantum chemical calculations. The purpose of the study of these compounds is to determine the geometries, electronic and optic properties by using the density functional theory (DFT/B3LYP) level with the correlation-consistent basis set 6-31G. On the other side, various physical parameters (HOMO, LUMO, Egap, Voc, λabs) were determined from the fully optimized structures. All This fundamental information will lead to propose new promising materials for organic solar cells.}, keywords = {π-conjugated molecules,organic solar cells,density function theory (DFT),low band-gap,Electronic properties}, url = {https://www.chemmethod.com/article_63678.html}, eprint = {https://www.chemmethod.com/article_63678_9bb017068d0de7d9e07639ffd2a29998.pdf} } @article { author = {Momeni, Ahmad reza and Samimi, Heshmat Allah and Vaezzadeh, Hamed}, title = {Eutectic Mixture Choline Chloride–Chloroacetic acid: a New and Efficient Catalyst for Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2-ones}, journal = {Chemical Methodologies}, volume = {2}, number = {3}, pages = {260-269}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Sami Publishing Company}, issn = {2645-7776}, eissn = {2588-4344}, doi = {10.22034/chemm.2018.63681}, abstract = {Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) with the properties of an ionic liquid can be formed between choline chloride and chloroacetic acid in a 1:1 molar ratio. In this paper, we discuss our success in synthesizing dihydropyrimidinones employing choline chloride: chloroacetic acid as catalyst. The advantage of using DES is in its ability to act as a solvent and catalyst simultaneously for the synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones via one-pot multi-component reaction of ethyl acetoacetate, aldehyde and urea. The results showed that choline chloride: chloroacetic acid based DES is the best catalyst and is successfully applicable to a wide range of aldehydes with high yields (70–95%) and short reaction times (5-75 min). The deep eutectic solvent can be easily recycled and reused.}, keywords = {Deep eutectic,Choline chloride,Ionic Liquid,Dihydropyrimidinone,Biginelli rection}, url = {https://www.chemmethod.com/article_63681.html}, eprint = {https://www.chemmethod.com/article_63681_c5b13ba663d73e26ffdbd178cf6d50b3.pdf} }